超越感覺好轉：以能力維持之情緒對話作為縱貫研究範式

摘要

情緒對話研究包含兩個具影響力的策略傳統。同理心對話優先考量理解說話者的情緒經驗。情緒支持對話則針對尋求者當前需求，選擇並排序支持策略。持續使用引入了進一步的目標。有效的支持應在整個互動生命週期中，維繫使用者進行情緒調節、因應、自我認同的決策以及社會連結的能力。我們提出「能力維繫型情緒對話」（capability-sustaining emotional dialogue, CSED）作為一項縱向研究典範，使支持策略與此目標一致，並圍繞重複使用、非使用、轉換與終止來組織資料、模型、系統設計、評估與治理。一項針對性的文獻與語料庫審查支持此一立場。在PRISMA-ScR指引的樣本中，60篇系統建構論文中，95%以緩解取向為目標。沒有任何一篇評估能力或縱向結果，僅有1篇考量依賴、自主性或終止風險。在300個ESConv支持者話輪中，能力相關功能出現於43.0%，而一般性建議佔22.0%，相較之下，重新評估僅佔4.0%、自我效能支持佔6.7%、界限行為佔0.3%。我們發布一項將審查延伸至模型行為的協議。一個示例性過程模型將潛在使用者能力連結至六項設計承諾、四個評估時間尺度與生命週期約束。由此產生的研究議程使CSED在資料、政策設計、訓練、評估與治理層面均可檢驗。

English

Emotional dialogue research includes two influential strategy traditions. Empathetic dialogue prioritizes understanding a speaker's emotional experience. Emotional support conversation selects and sequences support for the seeker's current needs. Sustained use introduces a further goal. Effective support should sustain users' capacities for emotion regulation, coping, self-endorsed decisions, and social connection across the interaction lifecycle. We propose capability-sustaining emotional dialogue (CSED) as a longitudinal research paradigm that aligns supportive strategy with this goal and organizes data, models, system design, evaluation, and governance around repeated use, non-use, transition, and termination. A targeted literature-and-corpus audit motivates this position. In a PRISMA-ScR-guided sample, 95% of 60 system-building papers pursue relief-oriented goals. None evaluates capability or longitudinal outcomes, and only 1 considers dependency, autonomy, or termination risk. In 300 ESConv supporter turns, capability-relevant functions appear in 43.0%, while generic suggestions account for 22.0%, compared with 4.0% reappraisal, 6.7% self-efficacy support, and 0.3% boundary behavior. We release a protocol for extending the audit to model behavior. An illustrative process model connects latent user capability to six design commitments, four evaluation timescales, and lifecycle constraints. The resulting agenda makes CSED testable across data, policy design, training, evaluation, and governance.