基礎協議：智能體社會的協調層

摘要

自主代理正從工具轉變為社會基礎設施的一層：它們瀏覽、購買、部署軟體、管理系統，並日益彼此互動。隨著這些系統規模的擴大，瓶頸從原始模型能力轉向協調問題。代理需要建立可靠的關係、組織多代理工作、交換價值、支持AI經濟，並在真實世界的監督下保持安全與可問責。本文介紹基礎協議（Foundation Protocol, FP），這是一個為新興人機社會設計的、以圖為優先的協調層。FP統一了異質實體，包括代理、工具、資源、人類、機構與組織，並支援原生多組織協作以及基於事件的合作。此外，FP提供了用於計量、收據與結算的經濟原語，並將政策、溯源與審計視為第一級關注事項。FP的設計旨在包裹與橋接現有協議而非取代之，從而在降低整合與治理成本的同時實現逐步採用。其目標是讓自主代理保持可組合性，同時確保問責制不可妥協，從而使協調本身能成為一個開放、多元且可治理的人機社會的共享基礎設施。

English

Autonomous agents are moving from tools into a layer of social infrastructure: they browse, purchase, deploy software, manage systems, and increasingly interact with one another. As these systems scale, the bottleneck shifts away from raw model capability toward coordination. Agents need to form reliable relationships, organize multi-agent work, exchange value, support an AI economy, and stay safe and accountable under real-world oversight. This paper introduces the Foundation Protocol (FP), a graph-first coordination layer for an emerging human-AI society. FP unifies heterogeneous entities, including agents, tools, resources, humans, institutions, and organizations, and supports native multi-party organization and event-based collaboration. It also provides economic primitives for metering, receipts, and settlement, and treats policy, provenance, and audit as first-class concerns. FP is designed to wrap and bridge existing protocols rather than replace them, enabling incremental adoption while reducing integration and governance overhead. The aim is to keep autonomous agency composable while keeping accountability non-negotiable, so that coordination itself can become shared infrastructure for a human-AI society that is open, pluralistic, and governable.