緩解英語到羅馬尼亞語機器翻譯中的性別偏見
Mitigating Gender Bias in English to Romanian Machine Translation
August 9, 2026
作者: Ioana Grigore, Sergiu Nisioi
cs.AI
摘要
機器翻譯(MT)系統在翻譯性別時經常會出錯,特別是在從英語這類性別中立的語言轉換為像羅馬尼亞語這樣具有性別區分的目標語言時。這種偏差導致翻譯結果預設使用陽性形式,或強化性別刻板印象。我們提出了一個混合流程來緩解此問題,結合了基於大型語言模型(LLM)的性別分類與神經機器翻譯(NMT)。我們的系統使用經過微調的大型語言模型來偵測英語句子中目標詞彙的預期性別,並插入行內性別提示標記。這些帶有標記的句子隨後被送入一個經過微調的Transformer模型,以生成形態學上正確的羅馬尼亞語翻譯。為了支援此方法,我們推出了三個新穎的資料集,用於性別消歧與翻譯。與基準機器翻譯系統相比,我們的方法在WinoMT和WinoGender基準測試上的性別準確率提升了超過40個百分點。這是首個同時利用大型語言模型推論與標記感知翻譯,明確處理並評估英語-羅馬尼亞語機器翻譯中性別偏見的方法。
English
Machine translation (MT) systems often fail to correctly translate gender, especially when converting from a gender-neutral language like English to a gendered target language such as Romanian. This bias results in translations that default to masculine forms or reinforce gender stereotypes. We propose a hybrid pipeline to mitigate this issue by combining large language model (LLM)-based gender classification with neural machine translation (NMT). Our system uses a fine-tuned LLM to detect the intended gender of target words in English sentences and insert inline gender hint tags. These tagged sentences are then passed to a Transformer model fine-tuned to generate morphologically correct Romanian translations. To support this, we introduce three novel datasets for gender disambiguation and translation. Our approach improves gender accuracy on the WinoMT and WinoGender benchmarks by over 40 percentage points compared to a baseline MT system. This is the first method to explicitly address and evaluate gender bias in English-Romanian MT using both LLM inference and tag-aware translation.