在個人敘事中形式化風格

摘要

個人敘事是作者為賦予自身經歷意義而構建的故事。風格，即作者運用語言表達自我的獨特方式，對於這些敘事如何傳達主觀體驗至關重要。然而，目前尚缺乏一個系統分析這些風格選擇的正式框架。我們提出了一種新穎的方法，將個人敘事中的風格形式化為作者在傳達主觀體驗時所做的語言選擇模式。我們的框架整合了三個領域：功能語言學將語言確立為一個有意義選擇的系統，計算機科學提供了自動提取和分析序列模式的方法，而這些模式與心理學觀察相聯繫。利用語言模型，我們自動提取諸如過程、參與者和環境等語言特徵。我們將此框架應用於數百個夢境敘事，包括一項針對患有創傷後應激障礙的戰爭退伍軍人的案例研究。對其敘事的分析揭示了獨特的模式，特別是言語過程如何主導心理過程，展示了語言選擇與心理狀態之間的關係。

English

Personal narratives are stories authors construct to make meaning of their experiences. Style, the distinctive way authors use language to express themselves, is fundamental to how these narratives convey subjective experiences. Yet there is a lack of a formal framework for systematically analyzing these stylistic choices. We present a novel approach that formalizes style in personal narratives as patterns in the linguistic choices authors make when communicating subjective experiences. Our framework integrates three domains: functional linguistics establishes language as a system of meaningful choices, computer science provides methods for automatically extracting and analyzing sequential patterns, and these patterns are linked to psychological observations. Using language models, we automatically extract linguistic features such as processes, participants, and circumstances. We apply our framework to hundreds of dream narratives, including a case study on a war veteran with post-traumatic stress disorder. Analysis of his narratives uncovers distinctive patterns, particularly how verbal processes dominate over mental ones, illustrating the relationship between linguistic choices and psychological states.

在個人敘事中形式化風格

Formalizing Style in Personal Narratives

摘要

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