提示報告：提示技術的系統性調查

The Prompt Report: A Systematic Survey of Prompting Techniques

June 6, 2024

作者: Sander Schulhoff, Michael Ilie, Nishant Balepur, Konstantine Kahadze, Amanda Liu, Chenglei Si, Yinheng Li, Aayush Gupta, HyoJung Han, Sevien Schulhoff, Pranav Sandeep Dulepet, Saurav Vidyadhara, Dayeon Ki, Sweta Agrawal, Chau Pham, Gerson Kroiz, Feileen Li, Hudson Tao, Ashay Srivastava, Hevander Da Costa, Saloni Gupta, Megan L. Rogers, Inna Goncearenco, Giuseppe Sarli, Igor Galynker, Denis Peskoff, Marine Carpuat, Jules White, Shyamal Anadkat, Alexander Hoyle, Philip Resnik

cs.AI

摘要

生成人工智慧（GenAI）系統正越來越廣泛地應用於各行業和研究領域。開發人員和最終用戶通過提示或提示工程與這些系統互動。儘管提示是一個廣泛研究的概念，但由於這一領域尚處於起步階段，存在衝突的術語和對提示構成的本体論理解不足。本文通過組建提示技術的分類法並分析其使用，建立了對提示的結構化理解。我們提出了一個包含33個詞彙術語的全面詞彙表，一個包含58種僅限文本提示技術的分類法，以及40種其他模式的技術。我們進一步對自然語言前綴提示的整個文獻進行了元分析。

English

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) systems are being increasingly deployed across all parts of industry and research settings. Developers and end users interact with these systems through the use of prompting or prompt engineering. While prompting is a widespread and highly researched concept, there exists conflicting terminology and a poor ontological understanding of what constitutes a prompt due to the area's nascency. This paper establishes a structured understanding of prompts, by assembling a taxonomy of prompting techniques and analyzing their use. We present a comprehensive vocabulary of 33 vocabulary terms, a taxonomy of 58 text-only prompting techniques, and 40 techniques for other modalities. We further present a meta-analysis of the entire literature on natural language prefix-prompting.