TheraMind：面向长期心理咨询的战略性自适应智能体

TheraMind: A Strategic and Adaptive Agent for Longitudinal Psychological Counseling

October 29, 2025

作者: He Hu, Yucheng Zhou, Chiyuan Ma, Qianning Wang, Zheng Zhang, Fei Ma, Laizhong Cui, Qi Tian

cs.AI

摘要

大型语言模型在心理咨询领域的应用日益受到关注。然而现有方法普遍存在情感理解缺失、策略适应性不足以及缺乏跨多轮对话的长期记忆治疗手段等问题，与真实临床实践存在较大差距。针对这些关键问题，我们提出具有战略适应性的纵向心理咨询智能体TheraMind。该系统的核心创新在于双循环架构——通过会话内循环实现战术级对话管理，跨会话循环执行战略级治疗规划，从而解构复杂咨询流程。会话内循环通过感知用户情绪状态动态选择应答策略，并借助跨会话记忆确保连续性；跨会话循环则通过评估每次咨询的治疗效果，动态调整后续干预方案，实现长期适应性。基于真实临床案例的高仿真环境测试表明，TheraMind在连贯性、灵活性和治疗协调性等多轮对话指标上显著优于现有方法，验证了双循环架构在模拟战略性、适应性纵向治疗行为方面的有效性。代码已开源：https://0mwwm0.github.io/TheraMind/。

English

Large language models (LLMs) in psychological counseling have attracted increasing attention. However, existing approaches often lack emotional understanding, adaptive strategies, and the use of therapeutic methods across multiple sessions with long-term memory, leaving them far from real clinical practice. To address these critical gaps, we introduce TheraMind, a strategic and adaptive agent for longitudinal psychological counseling. The cornerstone of TheraMind is a novel dual-loop architecture that decouples the complex counseling process into an Intra-Session Loop for tactical dialogue management and a Cross-Session Loop for strategic therapeutic planning. The Intra-Session Loop perceives the patient's emotional state to dynamically select response strategies while leveraging cross-session memory to ensure continuity. Crucially, the Cross-Session Loop empowers the agent with long-term adaptability by evaluating the efficacy of the applied therapy after each session and adjusting the method for subsequent interactions. We validate our approach in a high-fidelity simulation environment grounded in real clinical cases. Extensive evaluations show that TheraMind outperforms other methods, especially on multi-session metrics like Coherence, Flexibility, and Therapeutic Attunement, validating the effectiveness of its dual-loop design in emulating strategic, adaptive, and longitudinal therapeutic behavior. The code is publicly available at https://0mwwm0.github.io/TheraMind/.