WeatherBench 2：下一代數據驅動全球天氣模型的基準測試

摘要

WeatherBench 2 是由 Rasp 等人（2020）提出的全球中程（1-14 天）天氣預報基準的更新版本，旨在加速數據驅動天氣建模的進展。WeatherBench 2 包括一個開源評估框架、公開可用的訓練、基準數據以及一個持續更新的網站，提供最新的指標和最先進的模型：https://sites.research.google/weatherbench。本文描述了評估框架的設計原則，並呈現了當前最先進的物理和數據驅動天氣模型的結果。這些指標基於評估領先運營天氣中心的天氣預報的已建立慣例。我們定義了一組標題分數，以提供模型性能的概觀。此外，我們還討論了當前評估設置中的注意事項，以及數據驅動天氣預報未來面臨的挑戰。

English

WeatherBench 2 is an update to the global, medium-range (1-14 day) weather forecasting benchmark proposed by Rasp et al. (2020), designed with the aim to accelerate progress in data-driven weather modeling. WeatherBench 2 consists of an open-source evaluation framework, publicly available training, ground truth and baseline data as well as a continuously updated website with the latest metrics and state-of-the-art models: https://sites.research.google/weatherbench. This paper describes the design principles of the evaluation framework and presents results for current state-of-the-art physical and data-driven weather models. The metrics are based on established practices for evaluating weather forecasts at leading operational weather centers. We define a set of headline scores to provide an overview of model performance. In addition, we also discuss caveats in the current evaluation setup and challenges for the future of data-driven weather forecasting.

WeatherBench 2：下一代數據驅動全球天氣模型的基準測試

WeatherBench 2: A benchmark for the next generation of data-driven global weather models

摘要

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